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Type 2 Diabetes Drugs

August 2, 2011 By Leave a Comment

Type 2 diabetes can give severe damage to your vital organs, and may even lead to amputation or blindness if not treated earlier. But there are type 2 diabetes drugs that you could take in order to treat the condition and eventually lower your blood sugar level.

Five known dugs help treat type 2 diabetes by lowering the level of glucose in your body. These act in different ways, but all of them are proven methods of reducing your risks for the condition.

Biguanides An example of this type is metformin. This type of medication reduces the livers production of glucose, therefore, lowering the amount of the natural sugar in your bloodstream. This drug also stimulates the muscle tissue so that it could easily absorb insulin delivered through the blood. The normal intake for this drug is twice every day, although it may cause diarrhea. Because of this, the drug should be taken before eating.

Sulfonylureas These type 2 diabetes drugs helps in increasing insulin production of the pancreas by stimulating beta cells. The popular examples of this type are glyburide, glipizide, and glimepiride, which all act in the same way of reducing blood sugar levels but differ in the amount taken, side effects, and drug interactions.

Thiazolidinediones These improve the absorption of insulin of the fats and muscles. This also helps in lowering the levels of your blood glucose by reducing the natural sugars production in the liver. The use of this drug type may cause harm to the liver, but with your doctors watch, the risks should be minimized or eliminated. Examples of this are rosiglitazone, troglitazone, and pioglitazone.

Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors These type 2 diabetes drugs inhibits the breaking down of bread, pasta, potatoes, and other types of starches in your intestine, and sugars, hence, reducing your blood glucose level. This helps reduce your level of blood sugar, which rises significantly after eating. Among this drug type are acarbose and meglitol, which may increase the chances of diarrhea.

Meglitinides These medications increase insulin production by stimulating the beta cells. These include nateglinide and repaglinide. These may lower your blood sugar to an extent that it may become unhealthy. Intake of this drug type should carefully be observed.

The effects of each drug type may differ from person to person; hence, you should ask your doctor about which option is best for you. Each type 2 diabetes drug may be used in combination with another to achieve better results, but consult your doctor to know their interactions with other drugs, if youre taking any, to prevent serious complications.

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Type 2 Diabetes Medications

August 2, 2011 By 7 Comments

In the past year and so several brand new Type 2 Diabetes Medications have been approved to treat type 2 diabetes. These are not just new medicines but are a completely new category of drugs that work in completely different ways than the standard medications. Here are some of them:
DPP-4 Inhibitors: These drugs block an enzyme (DPP-4) that normally deactivates a protein (GLP-1) that keeps insulin circulating in the blood. Slowing the deactivation process helps reduce sugar production, lowering blood glucose levels.
Januvia: The first of the DPP-4 inhibitors to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration which is an oral medication that is taken once a day either alone with diet and exercise or in combination with other oral diabetes medications.
Incretin Mimetics: These mimic the action of incretin hormones which help the body make more insulin. They also slow the rate of digestion so that glucose enters the blood more slowly.
Byetta is an injectable medication that is used in combination with other oral diabetes medications. It is not insulin and doesnt take its place. It is used for type 2 diabetes only and cannot be given with insulin. Byetta comes in a pre-filled injector pen. The dose is 5 mcg. to start, twice a day within 60 minutes prior to your morning and evening meals. Your doctor may increase the dose to 10 mcg. based on your results.
Antihyperglycemic Synthetic Analogs: These are medications that are created as synthetic versions of human substances, in this case a human hormone called amylin, which is used by the pancreas to lower blood glucose levels.
Symlin is an injectable medication which is used with insulin for tighter blood glucose control. Symlin can increase the risk of severe hypoglycemia, therefore patients who are put on Symlin are selected carefully and monitored closely by their healthcare providers.
Sulfonylureas: These medications are the oldest of the oral diabetes drugs and until 1995 they were the only drugs available for managing type 2 diabetes. Sulfonylureas stimulate the pancreas to release more insulin into the blood stream. Hypoglycemia can be a side effect of these drugs.
First generation: Orinase, Tolinase and Diabinese
Second generation: Glucotrol, Glucotrol XL, Micronase or Diabeta
Third generation: Amaryl
Biguanides: These lower the production of glucose that is made in the liver and the body more sensitive to insulin. Cholesterol levels may be lowered as well.
Glucophage, Glucophage XR (metformin): There is very little risk of hypoglycemia when metformin is used alone. Lactic acidosis can be a rare but serious side effect.
Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors: These delay the conversion of carbohydrates into glucose during digestion. This prevents blood glucose levels from peaking too high.
Precose
Glyset

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Type 2 Diabetes Risks

August 2, 2011 By 1 Comment


Referred to as non-insulin dependent diabetes, type 2 diabetes affects 90-95% of the total diabetes population. Words like ‘epidemic’ and ‘worldwide crises’ are often used when talking about it however, diabetes fails to gather the same attention that cancer or any other scary virus may. Perhaps this is because of how common type 2 diabetes is. Typically type 2 diabetes developed in adults over the age of 40 but alarmingly, it is increasing in children and younger people.

Due to our modern lifestyles of more food and little exercise, the process speeds up considerable. People, who may develop this disease in their 60′s wind up developing the disease much earlier, sometimes, in childhood or in their teens. While anyone can develop diabetes, there are some people who carry a higher risk, particularly individuals who are obese.  We can divide the type 2 diabetes risks into two categories: controllable and uncontrollable risks.

Risk factors that cannot be controlled include:

Family history. If a member of your immediate family has type 2 diabetes, the chances of developing the disease are greater
Age. Type 2 diabetes risks increase with age. Historically, type 2 diabetes usually develops after you hit 40 but its occurrence is rising amongst children.
Race & ethnicity. Hispanics, Asians, African Americans, Native Americans and Pacific Islands carry higher risk than white for this disease
Having diabetes during pregnancy (Gestational diabetes) or delivering a baby weighing more than 9lb (4kg).
Low birth weight. Type 2 diabetes risks are higher for people who weighed less than 5.5lb (2.5kg) when born

Controllable risk factors include the following:

Obesity. If your body mass index (BMI) is higher than 25, you carry a higher risk of type 2 diabetes.
Inactivity (Exercising less than 3 times a week )
Poor nutrition
Hypertension. High blood pressure increases the type 2 diabetes risks.
Abnormal cholesterol levels. Having HDL/good cholesterol less than 35 md/dL or triglyceride levels higher than 250 mg/dL

Other factors which can increase the chances of type 2 include:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), an imbalance in hormones which interferes with the normal ovulation.
Metabolic syndrome.  A group of conditions which relate to the body’s metabolism.
Acanthosis nigricans (having thickened, dark skin around your armpits or neck)

 

What is Type 2 Diabetes? www.clearlyhealth.com
Video Rating: 4 / 5

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